Titanium Carbide

Titanium carbide (TiC) is a hard, wear-resistant refractory ceramic material known for its high melting point and excellent thermal conductivity. It finds extensive use in various industries where its unique properties are highly valued. Here are some key parameters for titanium carbide:

  1. Chemical Formula: TiC
  2. Molecular Weight: Approximately 40.1 g/mol
  3. Crystal Structure: TiC has a rocksalt (NaCl) cubic crystal structure.
  4. Density: Theoretical density ranges from 4.92 to 4.95 g/cm³.
  5. Melting Point: The melting point of titanium carbide is exceptionally high, around 3160°C, making it suitable for extreme high-temperature applications.
  6. Hardness: TiC exhibits an impressive hardness, with a Vickers hardness of approximately 3000 HV, which is much higher than most steels and many other ceramic materials.
  7. Thermal Conductivity: It possesses high thermal conductivity, typically in the range of 20-30 W/(m·K), facilitating efficient heat dissipation.
  8. Thermal Expansion Coefficient: The thermal expansion coefficient is relatively low, contributing to its dimensional stability in changing temperature environments.
  9. Chemical Stability: TiC is chemically stable at high temperatures and resistant to corrosion from many acids, bases, and salt solutions, excluding hydrofluoric acid.
  10. Electrical Conductivity: Although a ceramic, TiC displays moderate electrical conductivity due to its partially filled d-band.
  11. Synthesis: Titanium carbide is typically synthesized via carbothermal reduction of titanium dioxide (TiO2) or other titanium compounds in the presence of carbon at high temperatures, often in a reducing atmosphere.

  12. Applications: It is widely used in the production of cemented carbide cutting tools, wear-resistant coatings, armor materials, and as an additive in ceramic composites to enhance their mechanical properties. It also finds applications in the nuclear industry due to its ability to absorb neutrons.

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